Monday, January 28, 2013

What is Twitter

Learn the Basics


Twitter is an information network that brings people closer to what’s important to them.
Every day, millions of people turn to Twitter to connect to their interests, to share information, and find out what's happening in the world right now. Anyone can read, write and share messages of up to 140 characters on Twitter. These messages, or Tweets, are available to anyone interested in reading them, whether logged in or not. Your followers receive every one of your messages in their timeline - a feed of all the accounts they have subscribed to or followed on Twitter. This unique combination of open, public, and unfiltered Tweets delivered in a simple, standardized 140-character unit, allows Twitter users to share and discover what’s happening on any device in real time.

For businesses on Twitter, the conversation is the canvas

It took Twitter three years, two months and one day to reach our first billion Tweets. Today, there are over a billion Tweets sent every three days. These Tweets represent conversations related to almost any topic imaginable.
For businesses and brands, these conversations provide a rich canvas and a powerful context in which to connect your messages and your brand to what people are talking about right now. It’s a canvas for telling engaging stories, for participating in cultural events, for broadcasting content, for connecting directly with consumers, and for driving transactions. Businesses can influence and participate in real-time conversations on Twitter to drive consumer action with integrated paid, earned and owned campaigns, delivering results throughout the marketing funnel.
Businesses can also use Twitter to listen and gather market intelligence and insights. It is likely that people are already having conversations about your business, your competitors or your industry on Twitter.





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History of Twitter





Creation and initial reaction


"...we came across the word 'twitter', and it was just perfect. The definition was 'a short burst of inconsequential information,' and 'chirps from birds'. And that's exactly what the product was." – Jack Dorsey[18]Twitter's origins lie in a "daylong brainstorming session" held by board members of the podcasting company Odeo. Dorsey, then an undergraduate student atNew York University, introduced the idea of an individual using an SMS service to communicate with a small group.[14][15] The original project code name for the service was twttr, an idea that Williams later ascribed to Noah Glass,[16] inspired by Flickr and the five-character length of American SMS short codes. The developers initially considered "10958" as a short code, but later changed it to "40404" for "ease of use and memorability."[17] Work on the project started on March 21, 2006, when Dorsey published the first Twitter message at 9:50 PM Pacific Standard Time (PST): "just setting up my twttr".[1]

The first Twitter prototype was used as an internal service for Odeo employees and the full version was introduced publicly on July 15, 2006.[9] In October 2006,Biz Stone, Evan Williams, Dorsey, and other members of Odeo formed Obvious Corporation and acquired Odeo and all of its assets – including Odeo.com and Twitter.com – from the investors and shareholders.[19] Williams fired Glass who was silent about his part in Twitter's startup until 2011.[20] Twitter spun off into its own company in April 2007.[21]
The tipping point for Twitter's popularity was the 2007 South by Southwest Interactive (SXSWi) conference. During the event, Twitter usage increased from 20,000 tweets per day to 60,000.[22] "The Twitter people cleverly placed two 60-inch plasma screens in the conference hallways, exclusively streaming Twitter messages," remarked Newsweek's Steven Levy. "Hundreds of conference-goers kept tabs on each other via constant twitters. Panelists and speakers mentioned the service, and the bloggers in attendance touted it."[23]
Reaction at the conference was highly positive. Blogger Scott Beale said that Twitter "absolutely rul[ed]" SXSWi. Social software researcher danah boyd said Twitter "own[ed]" the conference.[24]Twitter staff received the festival's Web Award prize with the remark "we'd like to thank you in 140 characters or less. And we just did!"[25]
The first unassisted off-Earth Twitter message was posted from the International Space Station by NASA astronaut T. J. Creamer on January 22, 2010.[26] By late November 2010, an average of a dozen updates per day were posted on the astronauts' communal account, @NASA_Astronauts. NASA has also hosted over 25 "tweetups", events that provide guests with VIP access to NASA facilities and speakers with the goal of leveraging participants' social networks to further the outreach goals of NASA.
In August 2010, the company appointed Adam Bain from News Corp.'s Fox Audience Network as president of revenue.[27]
On September 14, 2010, Twitter launched a redesigned site[28] including a new logo.[citation needed]

Growth

The company experienced rapid growth. It had 400,000 tweets posted per quarter in 2007. This grew to 100 million tweets posted per quarter in 2008. In February 2010, Twitter users were sending 50 million tweets per day.[29] By March 2010, the company recorded over 70,000 registered applications.[30] As of June 2010, about 65 million tweets were posted each day, equaling about 750 tweets sent each second, according to Twitter.[31] As of March 2011, that was about 140 million tweets posted daily.[32] As noted on Compete.com, Twitter moved up to the third-highest-rankingsocial networking site in January 2009 from its previous rank of twenty-second.[33]
Jack Dorsey, a co-founder and the chairman of Twitter, in 2009
Twitter's usage spikes during prominent events. For example, a record was set during the 2010 FIFA World Cup when fans wrote 2,940 tweets per second in the thirty-second period after Japan scored against Cameroon on June 14, 2010. The record was broken again when 3,085 tweets per second were posted after the Los Angeles Lakers' victory in the 2010 NBA Finals on June 17, 2010,[34] and then again at the close of Japan's victory over Denmark in the World Cup when users published 3,283 tweets per second.[35] The record was set again during the 2011 FIFA Women's World Cup Final between Japan and the United States, when 7,196 tweets per second were published.[36] When American singer Michael Jackson died on June 25, 2009, Twitter servers crashed after users were updating their status to include the words "Michael Jackson" at a rate of 100,000 tweets per hour.[37]The current record as of January 1, 2013, was set by all citizens of the Japan Standard Time Zone as the new year began, reaching a record of 33,388 tweets per second (and hence beating the previous record of 25,088, also set by Japan after a television screening of the movie "Castle In The Sky").[38]
Twitter acquired application developer Atebits on April 11, 2010. Atebits had developed the Apple Design Award-winning Twitter client Tweetie for theMac and iPhone. The application, now called "Twitter" and distributed free of charge, is the official Twitter client for the iPhone, iPad and Mac.[39]
From September through October 2010, the company began rolling out "New Twitter", an entirely revamped edition of twitter.com. Changes included the ability to see pictures and videos without leaving Twitter itself by clicking on individual tweets which contain links to images and clips from a variety of supported websites including YouTube andFlickr, and a complete overhaul of the interface, which shifted links such as '@mentions' and 'Retweets' above the Twitter stream, while 'Messages' and 'Log Out' became accessible via a black bar at the very top of twitter.com. As of November 1, 2010, the company confirmed that the "New Twitter experience" had been rolled out to all users.
On April 5, 2011, Twitter tested a new homepage and phased out the "Old Twitter."[40] However, a glitch came about after the page was launched, so the previous "retro" homepage was still in use until the issues were resolved; the new homepage was reintroduced on April 20.[41][42]
On December 8, 2011, Twitter overhauled its website once more to feature the "Fly" design, which the service says is easier for new users to follow and promotes advertising. In addition to theHome tab, the Connect and Discover tabs were introduced along with a redesigned profile and timeline of Tweets. The site's layout has been compared to that of Facebook.[43][44]
On February 21, 2012, it was announced that Twitter and Yandex agreed to a partnership. Yandex, a Russian search engine, finds value within the partnership due to Twitter’s real time news feeds. Twitter’s director of business development explained that it is important to have Twitter content where Twitter users go.[45]
On March 21, 2012, Twitter celebrated its sixth birthday while also announcing that it has 140 million users and sees 340 million tweets per day. The number of users is up 40% from their September 2011 number, which was said to have been at 100 million at the time.[46]
In April 2012, Twitter announced that it was opening an office in Detroit, with the aim of working with automotive brands and advertising agencies.[47] Twitter also expanded its office in Dublin.[48]
On June 4, 2012, Twitter announced the purchase of Washington, D.C. based web design agency Nclud. Upon the purchase, Nclud's co-founder and director of brand experience, Martin Ringlein, was named Twitter's new design manager.[49] On June 5, a modified logo was unveiled through the company blog, removing the text to showcase the slightly redesigned bird as the sole symbol of Twitter.[50]
On October 5, 2012, Twitter acquired a video clip company called Vine that has yet to launch.[51][52] Twitter released Vine as a standalone app that allows users to create and share six-second looping video clips on January 24th, 2013. Vine videos shared on Twitter are visible directly in users' Twitter feeds.[53]
On December 18, 2012 Twitter announced it had surpassed 200 million monthly active users. Twitter hit 100 million monthly active users in September 2011




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FRIENDSTER



People may be asking what is friendster because the community website no longer dominates the social networking industry. According to industry professionals, friendster was among the first to offer people an online opportunity to connect with family members and friends. From some accounts, it appears that the company's primary model was to provide an online mechanism for an individual to stay in touch and reconnect with people the person already knew. However, it soon became a way for people to meet new friends, too. Despite blazing the trail for social networks, the company is no longer as popular as it once was. Competitors were able to attract more users and even many of those who were members of the friendster community opted for the competition. Industry experts attribute the decline in popularity to the company's management and user frustration with the site. These problems allowed competitors to ask, what is friendster, and then improve on the model to develop social communities that are now household names.

Social networks are a very popular internet pastime. Though kids, especially tech-savvy teenagers, drive their popularity, older people are also getting in on the fun. Most of these communities operate pretty much the same way. An individual opens up an account by providing limited personal information, such as a name and perhaps gender, age, and city or state. On one of the most popular sites, users use their real names, but other sites allow users to make up names. The individual also chooses a password and privacy settings. A profile is created that allows the person to tell something about his interests, occupation, and hobbies. The individual is almost always able to control who has access to the profile. In asking, what is friendster, a potential member should evaluate this company's policies regarding privacy with that of its competitors. Even as people voluntarily share details of their personal lives on community sites, they still need to know that some protections are in place to protect them from cyber-stalkers or identity thieves. Often, these communities have mechanisms in place that allow members to choose what other members they wish to have as friends. The same feature allows a member to block any other members that she doesn't want viewing her profile or updates.

In asking a member, what is friendster, that member will probably talk about its advantages. Individuals usually want family members and friends to be a part of the same networking community so that profiles and updates can be shared. Like the vast majority of community sites, friendster's members can upload photos and give updates about what is going on in their lives. Faraway relatives and friends who are also members can log on and access the updates. For example, many families are separated by hundreds and even thousands of miles as people move throughout the country. Adult children may even be in other countries, perhaps serving in the military or as missionaries. Maybe the adult son or daughter is employed in another country. Online communities help these faraway loved ones stay in touch with the family left behind. Grandparents can view photos of the grandchildren they seldom get to see and read all about the kids' cute antics when the parents post the photos and write the stories online. So when a grandparent asks, what is friendster, the adult child who is a friendster member, may do more than talk about its advantages. He may even set up the account and show the grandparent how to access and use it. 

Another feature, common to many communities, is the ability to form groups with others of similar interests. In evaluating, what is friendster, potential users may want to know something about the demographics of the site's users. According to some industry experts, two-thirds of the community's users live overseas, namely, in southeastern Asia. Anyone who has an interest in the Asian culture or who may be planning a trip to the region might appreciate this opportunity to connect with individuals who live in the area. The apostle Paul preached in this area centuries ago. On one trip, Paul was hurrying to reach Jerusalem, but sent for the elders of the church at Ephesus: "And when they were come to him, he said unto them, Ye know, from the first day that I came into Asia, after what manner I have been with you at all seasons, . . . And now, brethren, I commend you to God, and to the word of his grace, which is able to build you up, and to give you an inheritance among all them which are sanctified" (Acts 20:18, 32). 

So just what is friendster? It's a community of members who have familial, casual, and business relationships with one another. Users can spread the news about social gatherings, give advice on restaurants and movies, and even help each other find jobs. An individual may be able to join a group with other members who interested in training dogs and learn techniques for teaching Rover new tricks. A community within the larger community may have members that attend or are alumni of a particular college. Perhaps a group will center on a specific town so that residents can meet neighbors and find out about local events. The connections can increase as friends become friends of friends and so on. But before signing up, potential users should get relevant answers to the question, what is friendster, and compare their findings with that from other social networking sites. Because updating and uploading takes time, most people prefer to limit the number of communities to which they belong. Making a careful choice upfront will lessen the need to change and start over if the network turns out not to be such a great match after all.







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Sunday, January 27, 2013

History of FRIENDSTER




Friendster was created in 2002 by Peter Chin, Jonathan Abrams and Dave Lee. The group wanted to find a way for people to meet new friends on the Internet, keep in contact with already existing friends and to expand personal networks in a safe manner. At the time of the site's creation, the concept of social networking was still novel and the group hoped web interactions would spur face-to-face relationships among users. It wasn't until the site grew and competitors like Myspace launched that the concept of social networking globally was really approached.
The group was funded in 2003 with a $12 million investment by a private capital investor firm called Kleiner Perkins Caufield & Byers, Benchmark Capital. The money was initially focused on growing the site out of a conceptual level to the large level of success the site saw. Launched in March of 2002, the site found over three million users in the first few months. Becoming a national success in the United States made the concept of social networking acceptable. The site grew to mainstream popularity and was offered a buyout in 2003 from Google. The site declined, citing a continued interest in solitary ownership. A 2006 funding offer from the group's initial investor helped to spur financial success. Later investors like DAG Ventures, IDG Ventures and a 2009 acquisition by MOL Global has helped to keep the company afloat.
Another accolade of Friendster was that since the site was one of the first networks out there, they acquired numerous patents of interest to the world of social networking such as those related to gauging similar users, storage of social data relationships, content management on the Internet and more. In 2010, Facebook and several other social networks found themselves in talks with Friendster to acquire some of these patents for their services. Facebook walked away from these talks with 18 of the patents that Friendster formerly held for a negotiated sum of $39.5 million dollars.

While Friendster spurred numerous social networking sites in its time like Dogster, Elfster and more, the site's main competition came with the launch of MySpace and later, the college-only Facebook. In terms of United States usage, the site has declined in users since its heyday. Many users fell into Facebook and MySpace primarily because that was the site that featured their friends at the time. Luckily for the site, while US usage declined, Asian use of the platform skyrocketed. In 2008, Friendster hired former Google executive Richard Kimber as CEO in order to focus heavily on the Asia expansion of the site. The acquisition by MOLK Global, a stronghold in the Asian Internet industry, has helped to achieve that goal. The site relaunched with a new interface in 2009 that assisted in the mission also, better branding the site in the eyes of Asian users.




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Facebook





Facebook is a social networking website intended to connect friends, family, and business associates. It is the largest of the networking sites, with the runner up being MySpace. It began as a college networking website and has expanded to include anyone and everyone.
Facebook was founded by 2004 by Harvard student Mark Zuckerberg and originally called thefacebook. It was quickly successful on campus and expanded beyond Harvard into other Ivy League schools. With the phenomenon growing in popularity, Zuckerberg enlisted two other students, Duston Moskovitz and Chris Hughes, to assist. Within months, thefacebook became a nationwide college networking website.
Zuckerberg and Moskovitz left Harvard to run thefacebook full time shortly after taking the site national. In August of 2005, thefacebook was renamed Facebook, and the domain was purchased for a reported $200,000 US Dollars (USD). At that time, it was only available to schools, universities, organizations, and companies within English speaking countries, but has since expanded to include anyone.
Facebook users create a profile page that shows their friends and networks information about themselves. The choice to include a profile in a network means that everyone withing that network can view the profile. The profile typically includes the following: Information, Status, Friends, Friends in Other Networks, Photos, Notes, Groups, and The Wall.
Users are able to search for friends and acquaintances by e-mail address, school, university, or just by typing in a name or location for search. When people become friends, they are able to see all of each others' profiles including contact information. E-mail notifications let users know when new friends have chosen to add them to their list or when someone has sent a message to them within the system.
A popular feature on Facebook is the ability to share photographs uploaded from a phone, camera, or hard drive. As with other private information, users have the option to allow only friends to see their pictures or anyone. There is an unlimited amount of storage available, which is a major advantage of Facebook's photograph sharing capabilities.
Groups can be created by users. These can include anything from grade school connections to hobbies and interests. Groups can be public and available to everyone or private, meaning only those invited can join and view discussions. Similarly, the Events feature allows friends to organize parties, concerts, and other get togethers in the real world. Users can also become fans of everything such as people, organizations, television shows, movies, and musicians.
There are countless applications available to add to a profile. They range from a list of Top Friends to movie compatibility with others, and maps of where users have traveled. These applications are created by individuals outside of Facebook's employment who are known as Developers.
Users of Facebook can share news stories, video, and other files with friends. Most news and video websites have buttons that can be clicked to automatically share the story or video on a feed. The person sharing can make comments about the shared item that their friends will see.
Personal notes can also be written and shared with friends. When sharing an item, users can attach the item to their Wall for all to see, or can tag individual people that they think would be most interested in seeing the item. When a user is tagged, they receive an e-mail notification.
Facebook had a redesign in late 2008, intended to streamline the website and make it easier to see what friends were doing. It has seen outstanding growth since its inception and is poised to maintain its dominance in social networking. In early 2009, Facebook users worldwide were nearly double that of its older competitor MySpace.



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